NARRATIVE TEXT : Pengertian, Tujuan, Jenis, Generic Structure, Contoh teks, Contoh Soal dan Penjelasan

Narrative Text : Pengertian, Tujuan, Jenis, Generic Structure dan Contoh Terlengkap

Narrative text adalah salah satu English text yang yang termasuk dalam Reading skill. Maka tidak heran jika menjadi salah materi yang sering dibahas di kelas bahasa inggris. Materi narrative text juga selalu ada dalam ujian baik itu ujian nasional, ujian masuk perguruan tinggi, maupun TOEFL. Berikut ini simaklah penjelasannya.

Pengertian Narrative text

Narrative text adalah salah satu jenis teks bahasa inggris yang bertujuan untuk menceritakan suatu cerita yang memiliki rangkaian peristiwa kronologis yang saling terhubung.

Tujuan Narrative text

The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.Narrative text bertujuan untuk menghibur pembaca tentang suatu kisah atau cerita.

Jenis Narrative text

Ada banyak jenis narrative text. Narrative text bisa berupa teks imajiner, faktual, atau kombinasi keduanya. Berikut ini jenis-jenis narrative text: fairy stories, mysteries, science fiction, romances, horror stories, adventure stories, fables, myths and legends, historical narratives, ballads, slice of life, personal experience.

Generic Structure Narrative text

Struktur generik narrative text berfokus pada serangkaian tahapan yang diusulkan untuk membangun sebuah cerita. Dalam narrative text tahap itu meliput:

·         1. Orientation

( Pendahuluan ) di mana karakter , setting , dan waktu cerita ditetapkan . Biasanya menjawab pertanyaan siapa? kapan? dimana ? Misalnya: Once upon a time, there was a wolf lived in the forest.

·         2. Complication or problem

Menceritakan awal masalah yang menyebabkan krisis ( klimaks ). Complication biasanya melibatkan karakter utama.

·         3. Resolution

Akhir dari cerita yang berupa solusi dari masalah. Perlu adanya resolusi dari masalah. Masalah dapat diselesaikan dapat menjadi lebih baik atau malah lebih buruk, bahagia atau sedih . Kadang-kadang ada beberapa komplikasi yang harus dipecahkan. Hal ini menambah dan mempertahankan minat dan ketegangan bagi pembaca nya.

·         4. Reorientation/Coda

merupakan pernyataan penutup cerita dan bersifat opsional . Bisa berisi tentang pelajaran moral, saran atau pengajaran dari penulis.

Contoh Narrative text Beserta Generic Structurenya

Berikut ini contoh Narrative text:

Timun Emas

Long time ago in the island of Java, Indonesia, lived a couple of farmer. They had married for some years but they had no children. So they prayed to a monster called Buta Ijo to give them children. Buta Ijo was a ferocious and powerful monster. He granted their wish on one condition. When their children had grown up, they had to sacrifice them to Buta Ijo. He liked eating fresh meat of human being. The farmers agreed to his condition. Several months later the wife was pregnant.

She gave birth to a beautiful baby girl. They named her Timun Emas. The farmers were happy. Timun Emas was very healthy and a very smart girl. She was also very diligent. When she was a teenager Buta Ijo came to their house. Timun Emas was frightened so she ran away to hide. The farmers then told Buta Ijo that Timun Emas was still a child. They asked him to postpone. Buta Ijo agreed. He promised to come again. The following year Buta Ijo came again. But again and again their parents said that Timun Emas was still a child.

 When the third time Buta Ijo came their parents had prepared something for him. They gave Timun Emas several bamboo needles, seeds of cucumber, dressing and salt.

‘Timun, take these things’

‘What are these things?’

‘These are your weapons. Buta Ijo will chase you. He will eat you alive. So run as fast as you can. And if he will catch you spread this to the ground. Now go!’

Timun Emas was scared so she ran as quickly as she could. When Buta Ijo arrived she was far from home. He was very angry when he realized that his prey had left. So he ran to chase her. He had a sharp nose so he knew what direction his prey ran.

Timun Emas was just a girl while Buta Ijo was a monster so he could easily catch her up. When he was just several steps behind Timun Emas quickly spread the seeds of cucumber. In seconds they turned into many vines of cucumber. The exhausted Buta Ijo was very thirsty so he grabbed and ate them. When Buta Ijo was busy eating cucumber Timun Emas could run away.

But soon Buta Ijo realized and started running again. When he was just several steps behind Timun Emas threw her bamboo needles. Soon they turned into dense bamboo trees. Buta Ijo found it hard to pass. It took him some time to break the dense bamboo forest. Meanwhile Timun Emas could run farther.

Buta Ijo chased her again. When he almost catch her again and again Timun Emas threw her dressing. This time it turned into a lake. Buta Ijo was busy to save himself so Timun Emas ran way. But Buta Ijo could overcome it and continued chasing her.

Finally when Timun Emas was almost caught she threw her salt. Soon the land where Buta Ijo stood turned into ocean. Buta Ijo was drowned and died instantly. Timun Emas was thankful to god and came back to her home.

TIMUN MAS

Orientation	Long long time ago, there was a farmer couple. They were staying in a village near a forest. They lived happily.
Complication 1	Unfortunately, they hadn’t had any children yet.
Resolution 1	Every day they prayed to God for a child. One day a giant passed their home. He heard what they were praying. Then the giant gave them a cucumber seed. “Plant this seed, then you’ll get a daughter,” said the giant. “Thank you, Giant,” said the couple. “But in one condition, in her 17-th birthday, you must give her to me,” said the Giant. The couple wanted a child so much that they agreed without thinking first. Then the couple planted the cucumber seed. Each day they took care the growing plant so carefully. Months later, a golden cucumber grew from the plant. The cucumber was getting heavier and bigger each day. When it was ripe, they picked it. Carefully they cut out the cucumber and how surprised were they when they found a beautiful baby inside. They were so happy. They named the baby Timun Mas, or Golden Cucumber.
Complication 2	Years were passing by and Timun Mas had grown into a beautiful girl. Her parents were very proud of her. But their happiness turned to fear when her 17th birthday came. The giant returned to ask for their promise. He was going to take Timun Mas away.
Resolution 2	The farmer tried to be calm. “Just a moment, please. Timun Mas is playing. My wife will call her,” he said. Then the farmer came to his daughter. “My child, take this,” as he was giving her a little bag to Timun Mas. “This will help you from the giant. Now, run as fast as you can,” he ordered. So Timun Mas ran away.
Complication 3	The couple was very sad about her leaving. But they didn’t want the giant to eat Timun Mas. Meanwhile, the giant had been waiting for too long. He became impatient. Somehow he knew that the couple had lied to him. So he destroyed their house and ran for Timun Mas. The giant was chasing Timun Mas and he was getting closer and closer. Timun Mas then took a handful of salt from her little bag. She spread out the salt behind her. Suddenly a wide sea appeared between them. The giant had to swim to reach her
Resolution 3	Timun Mas was still running, but now the giant almost caught her. Then she took some chilly and threw them to the giant. The chilly suddenly grew into some trees and trapped the giant. The trees grew some thorns as sharp as a knife. The giant screamed painfully. At the mean time, Timun Mas could escape again.
Complication 4	But the giant was very strong. Again he almost caught Timun Mas. So Timun Mas took the third magic stuff, the cucumber seeds. She threw the seeds and suddenly they became a wide cucumber field. The giant was very tired and hungry so he ate those fresh cucumbers. He ate too much that he felt sleepy and fell asleep soon.
Resolution  4	Timun Mas kept on running as fast as she could. But soon she was very tired herself. To make things worse, the giant had woken up! Timun Mas was so scared. Desperately she then threw her last weapon, terasi (a kind of shrimp pasta). IT did a miracle again. The pasta became a big swamp. The giant fell into it but his hands almost reached Timun Mas. Suddenly the lake pulled him to the bottom. The giant panicked and he couldn’t breathe. At last he was drown.
Re-orientation	Timun Mas was very relieved. She was safe now. Then she returned to her parents’ house. Her parents were of course very happy to see their daughter safe and sound. “Thanks God. You have saved my daughter,” they cried happily. From then on, Timun Mas lived happily with her parents with no fear anymore.

                                                                             

Contoh soal narrative text pilihan ganda dan pembahasan serta jawaban

Berikut adaah contoh soal narrative Text pilihan Ganda dan Jawaban serta penjelasannya

A Woman and the Wolves

A long time ago, very few people lived in the New Territories. There were only a few villages. If the people wanted to go from one village to another, they often had to pass through wild and unsafe forest.

One day, a farmer’s young wife went to the next village to visit her own mother and brother. She brought along her baby son. When it was time for her to leave, her brother said “ it is getting dark. Let my son, Ah Tim go with you though the forest.”

So Ah Tim led the way and the young woman followed behind, carrying her baby. When they were in the forest, suddenly they saw a group of wolves. They began to run to avoid the danger, but Ah Tim kicked against a stone and fell down. At once the wolves caught him. The young woman cried to the wolves, “ please eat my own son instead.” Then, she put her baby son on the ground in front of the wolves and took her nephew away.

Everyone understood that this was because the woman was very good and kind. She had offered her own son’s life to save her nephew.

They ran back to the house and called for help. All men in the village fetched thick sticks and went back with her into the forest. When they got there, they saw something very strange. Instead of eating the woman’s baby the wolves were playing with him.

Read the text, then choose the best choice to each questions.

1. What separated between one village to another a long time ago in the New Territories ?
a. Another village
b. Mountains
c. Forests
d. Hills ve. Towers and logs

2. Who was Ah Tim ?
a. The young woman’s brother
b. The young woman’s son
c. The young woman’s brother and nephew
d. The young woman’s brother’s son
e. One of the men who fetched a stick

3. Who walked in front when they were in the forest ?
a. Ah Tm
b. The woman
c. The woman’s son
d. Her brother’s nephew
e. The baby and his mother

4. How could the wolves catch Ah Tim ?
a. He was afraid
b. He was stumbled by a stone
c. He ran slowly
d. The woman cried
e. The wolves were good runners

5. The woman gave her son to the wolves because
a. She loved her nephew than her son.
b. She thought about how her brother would be
c. She wanted her son was eaten by the wolves
d. She was crazy
e. She kept a grudge on his brother

6. What did the villagers bring sticks for ?
a. For the weapon to beat the wolves
b. To bring the woman’s nephew
c. For the fire woods.
d. For play
e. For building a house for the woman.

7. “ all men in the village fetched thick stick … “ the word “ fetched” has a similar meaning to :
a. Received
b. Caught
c. Got
d. Hit
e. Lifted

8. From the passage we learn that the villages were ….
a. Located in one huge area
b. Situated in a large district
c. Separated by untamed jungles.
d. Wild and unsafe
e. Dark and very dangerous

9. The brother let her son go with his aunt as she left home because ….
a. Ah Tim wanted to see the wolves
b. His aunt wanted him to come long
c. Ah Tim was bored to live with his parents
d. The baby was too cute to be alone
e. Ah Tim would be a guardian for them

10. What is the purpose of the writer by writing the story above ?
a. To describe the danger of the villages
b. To entertain the readers of the story
c. To tell the villagers’ relationship
d. To explain how important a relative is
e. To narrate how the wolves were playing with the baby.

Pembahasan dari soal diatas.

Untuk memahami soal tentang narrative text sebaiknya mengerti terjemahan dari text tersebut. Berikut ini adalah terjemahan dari cerita Narrative text berjudul “A Woman and the Wolves “

A long time ago, very few people lived in the New Territories. There were only a few villages. If the people wanted to go from one village to another, they often had to pass through wild and unsafe forest.

Pada jaman dahuu, sangat sedikit orang yang tinggal dalam suatu wilayah baru. Hanya ada beberapa desa. Jika orang ingin pergi dari satu desa ke desa yang lain, mereka seringkali harus melewati hutan yang buas dan tidak aman.

One day, a farmer’s young wife went to the next village to visit her own mother and brother. She brought along her baby son. When it was time for her to leave, her brother said “ it is getting dark. Let my son, Ah Tim go with you though the forest.”

Suatu hari, seorang istri petani yang masih muda ingin mengunjungi desa tetangga untuk menemui ibu dan saudara laki lakinya. Dia memabawa anak laki – lakinya. Ketika sudah waktunya untuk pulang, kakanya mengatakan kepadanya “ Hari sudah mulai gelap. Biarlah anak laki lakiku, AH Tim menemanimu melewati hutan.”

So Ah Tim led the way and the young woman followed behind, carrying her baby. When they were in the forest, suddenly they saw a group of wolves. They began to run to avoid the danger, but Ah Tim kicked against a stone and fell down. At once the wolves caught him. The young woman cried to the wolves, “ please eat my own son instead.” Then, she put her baby son on the ground in front of the wolves and took her nephew away.

Sehingga Ah Tim memimpin dan wanita muda tersebut mengikutinya dibelakang, sambil membawa anaknya. Ketika mereka di hutan, tiba tiba mereka melihat segerombolan serigala. Mereka mulai berlari menghindari bahaya tersebut, akan tetapi Ah Tim tersandung batu dan terjatuh. Dengan segera serigala tersebut menangkapnya. Wanita muda tersebut menangis pada si Serigala, “ mohon makan saja anak ku,” kemudian dia meletakkan bayinya di tanah depan serigala dan mengambil keponakannya.

Everyone understood that this was because the woman was very good and kind. She had offered her own son’s life to save her nephew.

Semua orang mengetahui bahwa hal ini karena perempuan tersebut sangat baik dan ramah. Dia menawarkan anaknya sendiri untuk menyelamatkan keponakannya.

They ran back to the house and called for help. All men in the village fetched thick sticks and went back with her into the forest. When they got there, they saw something very strange. Instead of eating the woman’s baby the wolves were playing with him.

Mereka kembali ke desa dan meminta bantuan. Semua laki laki di desa mengambil tongkat dan pergi ke hutan. Ketika mereka sampai di sana, mereka melihat sesuatu yang aneh. Si serigala tidak memakan anak dari perempuan tersebut akan tetapi malah bermain dengannya.

1. What separated between one village to another a long time ago in the New Territories ?
a. Another village
b. Mountains
c. Forests
d. Hills
e. Towers and logs

Jawaban C

Pembahasan. Perhatikan kalimat ini “ ….. they often had to pass through wild and unsafe forest…..” yang berarti setiap desa dipisahkan oleh hutan.

2. Who was Ah Tim ?
a. The young woman’s brother
b. The young woman’s son
c. The young woman’s brother and nephew
d. The young woman’s brother’s son
e. One of the men who fetched a stick

Jawaban.

Pembahasan. Perhatikan kalimat ini “…it is getting dark. Let my son, Ah Tim go with you though the forest...” yang menunjukkan bahwa Ah Tim adalah anak dari kakak perempuan tersebut.

3. Who walked in front when they were in the forest ?
a. Ah Tm
b. The woman
c. The woman’s son
d. Her brother’s nephew
e. The baby and his mother

Jawaban A

Pembahasan. Perhatikan kalimat di bawah ini So Ah Tim led the way and the young woman followed behind….” Sehingga jelas yang berjalan didepan adalah Ah Tim.

4. How could the wolves catch Ah Tim ?
a. He was afraid
b. He was stumbled by a stone
c. He ran slowly
d. The woman cried
e. The wolves were good runners

Jawaban. B

Pembahasan. Perhatikan kalimat ini. , but Ah Tim kicked against a stone and fell down. At once the wolves caught him,,,,

5. The woman gave her son to the wolves because
a. She loved her nephew than her son.
b. She thought about how her brother would be
c. She wanted her son was eaten by the wolves
d. She was crazy
e. She kept a grudge on his brother

Jawaban. B

Pembahasan. Perempuan tersebut memberikan anaknya karena merasa tidak enak pada kakaknya dan kasian kepadanya

6. What did the villagers bring sticks for ?
a. For the weapon to beat the wolves
b. To bring the woman’s nephew
c. For the fire woods.
d. For play
e. For building a house for the woman.

Jawaban. A

Pembahasan. Para warga membawa stik atau tongkat untuk senjata melawan para Serigala.

7. “ all men in the village fetched thick stick … “ the word “ fetched” has a similar meaning to :
a. Received
b. Caught
c. Got
d. Hit
e. Lifted

Jawaban C

8. From the passage we learn that the villages were ….
a. Located in one huge area
b. Situated in a large district
c. Separated by untamed jungles.
d. Wild and unsafe
e. Dark and very dangerous

Jawaban. C

Pembahasan. Berdasarkan cerita diatas kita tahu bahwa desa dipisahkan oleh sebuah hutan yang tidak jinak ( untamed Jungle)

9. The brother let her son go with his aunt as she left home because ….
a. Ah Tim wanted to see the wolves
b. His aunt wanted him to come long
c. Ah Tim was bored to live with his parents
d. The baby was too cute to be alone
e. Ah Tim would be a guardian for them

Jawaban. E

Pembahasan. Maksud dari si kakak perempuan tersebut menyuruha Ah Tim adalah untuk menemani si wanita muda tersebut.seperti pada pilihan E

10. What is the purpose of the writer by writing the story above ?
a. To describe the danger of the villages
b. To entertain the readers of the story
c. To tell the villagers’ relationship
d. To explain how important a relative is
e. To narrate how the wolves were playing with the baby.

Jawaban B

Pembahasan. Cerita tersebut adalah narrative text, sehingga mempunyai fungsi social untuk menghibur pembaca.

SUMBER:

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